Preschoolers: GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS AND METHOD LEARNING

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OPINION OF THE EXPERTS
*Pestalozzi*
- Each stage of individual development must be completed before moving to the next stage
- The process of learning through observation and sensory perception
- Develop system of basic education as a combination of physical growth, mental and moral development through observation and reflection

*Froebel*
- Preschool education as a means of creating a better society
- Basically the kids have innate goodness and creative potential
- The potential can be developed with the support environment
*Montessori*
- Child is a separate pole of human life, and not one phase towards maturity
- The experience of a child affects their behavior as adults, and vice versa pattern of life and treatment of adults affect child development
- Children are sensitive to the regularity of the environment, environmental exploration with tongues and hands, sensitivity to walk, to small objects and detail, and to aspects of social life.
*Ki Hajar Dewantara*
- Children are a trustworthy God who also has a spiritual as well physical needs that can not be separated
- The nature of education only leads to grow-owned natural power and development of children and did not change the basic nature of children
*Jean Piaget*
Children have an active nature and able to build his own knowledge and thought process of the development of a child, moving from concrete thinking to abstract thinking
*Vygotsky*
Social relations have an important role for children's learning because it can develop the capacity to think

THERE ARE 8 ESSENTIAL SIGNS IN CHILDREN AGE 4 YEARS:
1. Motor skills (e.g. walking, jumping) is going well
2. Eye and hand coordination goes well
3. Have been able to speak and express his desire
4. Able to recognize, differentiate, and curiosity towards objects and sounds
5. Begin to understand space and time
6. Begin to understand the norms
7. Have a need for active and future perspectives
8. The desire to hang out with kids peers

METHOD OF LEARNING IN CHILDREN
1. Circle Time
is a lesson in how teachers and students sit in a circle discussing the topics that emerged from the children with the end goal of learning the child understand a concept
2. Children's Museum
is learning approach that directs the child to prepare a ''museum'' with the theme of the collection of objects that are selected and collected by the children themselves
3. Plan-Do-Review
is learning approach in the kindergarten, where children were trained individually or in groups to select and design an activity to be carried out alone, having undertaken to evaluate themselves on how much activity was in line with expectations and design
4. Small Project
is all children in the classroom is directed to plan a small project activities and conducted its own, and concludes with the results disseminated to the community
5. Show and Tell
is in the early learning of children in turn show and tell something that is owned, the findings or something that caught his attention, then followed by talks between children in class with teacher guidance

THINGS THAT NEED ATTENTION
1. Learning should be child-centered
2. Learning should be integrated
3. Providing alternative activities and let the children choose
4. Give children the opportunity to interact with teachers and peers
5. The nature of learning is flexible and unstructured
6. Make play as the main way of learning