Autism is a complex developmental disorder in children. Symptoms that appear are in the field of developmental disorders: a two-way interaction development, the development of reciprocal interaction, and behavioral development.
Until now certainty about autism has not been solved. In fact, the development of the number of children with autism is now more worrying. In the United States, comparison of children with autism with normal 1:150, while in the UK 1:100. Indonesia does not have accurate data on it.
The scientists say autism occurs due to a combination of factors, including genetic factors triggered by environmental factors. Here are the factors that allegedly trigger autism is still mysterious.
There is strong evidence of the changes in the gene contribute to the onset of autism. According to the National Institute of Health, a family who has a child with autism have a 1-20 times greater chances to give birth to children with autism as well. Study in twins found that if one child with autism, twin most likely have the same disorder.
In general, the experts identified 20 genes that cause autism spectrum disorders. The gene plays an important role in brain development, brain growth, and the way brain cells to communicate.
High pesticide exposure was also associated with the onset of autism. Some research found that pesticides will disrupt gene function in the central nervous system. According to Dr. Alice Mao, professor of psychiatry, chemicals in pesticides have an impact on those who have talent autism.
Babies who are exposed to certain drugs while in the womb have a greater risk of autism. These drugs include valproic and thalidomide. Thalidomide is an old generation drugs used to treat the symptoms of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, anxiety, and insomnia.
thalidomide was banned in America because of the many reports of birth defects. However, these drugs are now prescribed to overcome skin disorders and cancer therapy. Meanwhile, valproic acid is a drug used for people with mood disorders and bipolar disorder.
Getting old age of parents when having a child, the higher the risk of the child suffering from autism. Research published in 2010 found that women aged 40 years have a 50 percent risk of having a child with autism compared to women aged 20-29 years.
"It is not known with certainty relations autism with aged parents. However, it is presumably because the gene mutation factor," said Alycia Halladay, director of research at Autism Speaks Environmental Studies.
Certain areas in the brain, including the cortex serebal and cerebellum responsible for the concentration, movement and mood setting, associated with autism. Imbalance of neurotransmitters, such as dopamine and serotonin, in the brain is also associated with autism.
Causes of Autism
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